NICE GUIDELINES FOR UTI IN CHILDREN
- Infants younger than 3 months should be referred to a specialist and treated with parenteral antibiotics, but children older than 3 months, even those with pyelonephritis, should receive oral antibiotics for 7 to 10 days.
- Children older than 3 months with cystitis or lower UTI require oral antibiotics for 3 days only.
- Routine antibiotics prophylaxis after first-time UTI is not recommended.
- Routine imaging for vesicoureteral reflux is not recommended.
- Children older than 6 months with first UTI that is responsive to treatment do not require routine ultrasound.
- Infants younger than 6 months with UTI that is responsive to treatment require an ultrasound within 6 weeks.
- Children with recurrent, complicated, or atypical UTI (poor urine flow, accompanying sepsis, infection with non-Escherichia coli organisms, failure to respond to treatment in 48 hours) should undergo ultrasound during the acute infection.
- Children younger than 3 years with recurrent, complicated, or atypical UTI require a dimercaptosuccinic acid (DMSA) scan 4 to 6 months after acute infection to detect renal parenchymal defects.
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